A jack plane is essentially the “jack of all trades” of woodwork planes, able to be used for a variety of crafting purposes. The jack plane can both smooth the edges of wood as well as sizing, possessing an average curved blade which is used for the smoothing process.
The jack plane also functions similarly to a trying or jointer plane, as it squares up and makes regular the corners of wood pieces. The jack plane is endowed with a screw which allows its blade to be extended or retracted, so as to straighten the wood to the maker’s liking. It can be sometimes referred to as a “Number 5 Plane” or “Bailey Plane”, after the designer of the modern jack plane.
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The jack plane has been around for a long time, being used in America and Europe since the Renaissance. The Bailey Plane came about in the late 1800s, and became increasingly popular as home-carpentry and woodwork took off in the United States, with the jack plane being increasingly used during in early 1900s up until after the 2nd World War. The Stanley jack plane is the most reputed jack plane to have been produced.
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